Machine for rolling rings



April 18 1933. F. lM SCHLAA 1,904,734

MACHINE FOR RQLLING RINGS Filed June 29, 1932 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 y Ari-x April 18, 1933. F. [M SCH LAA 1,904,734

' MACHINE FOR ROLLING RINGS Filed June 29, 1932 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 A ril 18, 1933.

F. IM SCHLAA MACHINE FOR ROLLING RINGS Filed June 29, 1952 5 Sheets- Shet 5 AMA-710a fm xM/cW/ 867/444 p l 18, 1933. F. M SCHL 1,904,734

' MACHINE FOR ROLLING RINGS Filed June 29} 1932 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 April 18, 1933. I F. SCHLAA I 1,904,734

- MAdHiNE FQR ROLLING RINGS Filed June 29. 1932 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 I! III I I u'ml'm'nm I I mmrA/ra? Patented Apr. .18, 1933 PATENT OFF-ICE.

FRIEDRICH m scam, or rsannox n, (mam MACHINE FOR ROLLING BINGS Application filed June 29, 1932, Serial No.

The disc-like bearing rings between which the balls of bearing roll, have hitherto been made from plate-shaped blanks by forging. By this process of manufacture, however, it

is not possible to obtain a radial fibrous structure, i. c. with the fibres directed transversely to the movement of the balls, such as has been found to be particularly advantageous, for instance with axial ball bearing rings.

The object of the present invention is a roller bearing having a bearing ring with a radial fibrous structure made from a tubular blank.

' wall of the blank can be such that by the It is true that methods are known for making from a tubular blank annular washers or motor-car wheelsby a turning-up process, the wall thickness of which decreases towards the circumference. The articles thus obtained are, however, relatively flat discs,

in which. moreover, the direction of the fibres is of no importance. whereas according to the present invention the turning up process, which is knownper se, is used merely to produce a radial fibrous structure, that is, is used for quite a novel purpose.

By turning up a tubular blank, the walls of which have preferably a trapezoidal cross section. it is possible. in a suprising manner,

to obtain a disc-shaped ball bearing ring with an absolutely uniform radial fibrous structure, the race of which ring can be formed in known 'manner by pressure.-

The process is carried out in such manner that a blank cut from a steel rod is perforated and rolled in a rolling machine tofa ring of the required diameter having tubular axial walls:'th e inner wall of the ring is preferably inclined conically inwards. This ring. in

. which all the fibres run longitudinally. i. e. run axially, is. by further rolling with a conical core or by a pressure process turned up so far that a disc-like ring is produced, whereby the direction of the fibre of the material is transferred from the axial direc tion into the radial direction.

The tra ezoidal cross-section ofthe annular turning up of the ring to a disc the compress on of the material on the orifice side and the stretching of. the material at the outer 019,973, and in Germany 0mm '10, 19:0.

a disc of completely uniform thickness is obtained.

- The rolling device, which consists essentially of a rotating roll mandrel, the working surface of which presses the material away and turns it up is advantageously connected with an adjusting and feeding device which renders possible a convenient and continuous operation.

The accompanying drawings illustrate an example of construction of the apparatus for carrying out the process, and also the various operations on the blank forming the bearing ring.

Figs. 1 and 2 show the various stages in the transformation of the working'piece.

Fig. 3 shows the general arrangement of rolled out by means of a rotating .ro l-mandrel 2 (Fig. 3) against a matrix 3.

By means of other roll mandrels with a p more conically shaped working surface the blank is further rolled out into the turned up conical form of the annular constructions 4, 5 (Fig. 1). In thecross-section the course of the fibre is indicated by lines, whereas in the corresponding elevations 6, 7, 8 (Fig. 2)

of the annular constructions 1, 4, 5, the head texture and the radial texture can be seen..

A roll mandrel with a vertically directed working surface or simply smooth rollers transfer'the ring from its shape 5 to its final shape}! (Fig. 1) and 10. (Fig. 2), whereby the direction of the fibre is transferred from its former axial. position in form 1 intothe radial direction as indicated in form 9.

In rolling pieces of tube the walls of which are of irregularcross-section, it is of at advantage that the working surface o the roll mandrel should converge conicallytowards the driving shaft, and at this position is provided with a shoulder, whereas at the front of the roll mandrel the material can s read freely (Fig. 3). The rolling defvice s own in its fundamental formof construction in Fig. 3, is shown in connection with an adjusting and feeding device in Figs. 5 and 6. e

A tail stock spindle 15 and a working spindle 16 are mounted opposite one another 20 a spring 21 is pressed towards the working surface of the roll mandrel. sleeve prevents the material of the work from beingpressed over the rear edge of the matrix and the collar of the mandrel and e ects the finished ring out. of the matrix.

The roll mandrel is fixed in-the sleeve 17 by means of a screw bolt 22 passed through the spindle 16, the middle part of which bolt is of reduced section in order to provide space for a compressive spring 23. The front, thln end of the bolt 22 is provided with a thread 24 which is screwed into the conical roll mandrel 18. Thus, the bolt 22,

which is rotatable with the working spindle 1.6, can move axially with the sleeve 17. and the conical roll mandrel 18 against the action of the compression spring 21, when a pressure lever 25 (Fig. 6) presses .on the end piece 26 of the screw bolt 22. The working 9 spindle,,16, which is rotatablymounfl in Y suitable bearings of the machine frame 14,

is provided with a gear wheel 46, that is in engagement wlth a second gear wheel 45 Secured tothe main shaft 44 of the machine. The pressure lever 25 carrying at its free end a guide roll is actuated by a cam disc 40 mounted on a regulating shaft 36. This shaft, that carries at its other end a grooved pulley 43, 1s driven by gear wheels 58, 59 from a shaft 57, which during the working operation is coupled to a pulley 55 by'means o a coupling 47 controlled by the tail stock spindle 15. The pulley 55 is rotated by a belt passing over another pulley 56, which is keyed to the working spindle.

Thetail stock spindle 15 facing the workmg spindle 16 is provided with a spring controlled feed mandrel 27, which is surrounded by a retaining sleeve 28 which is subjected to the action of a spring 52 in an axial direction (Fig. 10). Through'the tail stock spindle 15 is passed the axially movable spindle 29, the back-end of which is passed through a threaded sleeve 30 in such manher that it can be displaced. The spindle 29 The ejector can be adjusted in an axial direction by means of the threaded sleeve 30 and the lock nut 31. The end 32 of the s indle 29 extends a short distance into the eed mandrel 27 located in the sleeve 28 and is limited in movement by means of a collar or the like.

When the machine is in operation the blank to be rolled is forced onto the feed over the working surface 19 of the roll mandrel 2. When the operation has reached this stage, the shaft 57 is coupled to the pulley 55. For this purpose a double armed lever 39, that is pivotally connected at its one end to the tail stock spindle, draws backwards a rod 54 against the action of a s ring 49 in such manner that by means 0 a double armed lever 50 the coupling 47 is brought into engagement with the constantly'driven pulley 55. Thereupon the rotating matrix 3 (Fig. 9) by means of an eccentric 35 of the regulating shaft 36 is raised, and the-blank 37 is roled tightly in the matrix 3 by the roll mandrel 2, and the rotary movement of the roll mandrel 2 also sets the matrix 3 mounted in the roller bearing of the lever 38 in rotation. 7

When the rolling process is complete the lever 39 (Figs. 6,7) actuated by the grooved disc 43 of the shaft 36, returns the tail stock spindle and releases the roll mandrel 2.

When, on the completion of the operation, the matrix 3-by the lowering of the lever 38 by means of the cam 35 of the shaft 36 has been removed from the rolling mandrel, I

the ejector lever 25, by the action of the cam 40 (Fig. 6) of the shaft 36, comes into operation. Thus, the bolt 22 mounted in the working spindle 16 is pressed forward by the lever 25, whereby the rolled ring 37 is pressed out of the matrix 3 by the ejector 20.

When the work has left the matrix, by the action of the spring 23 and rotation of the cam 40, the lever 25 returns, whereby the screw. mandrel 22 is also returned to its initial position by the spring23. At the same time the tail stock-spindle is brought backwards by the grooved pulley 43 by means of v the lever 39 and is retained in its backwards position by the stop 33. e

In order to roll' a good ring it is necessary that the blank to be rolled should be held by the spring controlled sleeve 28 exactly in the ways.

. of radial fi middle of the working surface 19 of the roll mandrel 2.

By the present process the material of the ring to be rolled is alsopressed apart side- In orderthat the ejector 20 and the feeding sleeve 28 shall be able to move relatively to one another, they should be mounted in a resilient manner.

In order to obtain an exact positioning of the roll mandrel in relation to the matrlx it is necessary for the former to be adjustable in an axial direction. This is done as follows:-

The tail stock spindle 15 is always brought forward to a certain point by the lever 39. When this point is reached the end 32 of the spindle 29 has reached the end of the bore of the feed mandrel 27. As at the same time the front surface of the feed mandrel 27 rests on the roll mandrel, a connection is produced which allows of an anal movement but no radial movement. By adjustment of the screw 41 (Figs. 5, 6) of the screw block 42 and of the threaded sleeve of the tail stock spindle, the roll mandrel 2 can be ading the work during the rolling and means for ejecting the rolled ring.

2. All a paratus for making ball bearings brous structure comprising a rotating roll mandrel adapted to be displaced axially together with an ejector sleeve for ejecting the rolled ring, said mandrel being provided with a conical working surface and a shoulder for preventing the material of the work'from escaping, a tail stock spindle for bringing the work into working position and rotatable means for holding the work during the rolling process. 3. n

means for moving the matrix toward the mandrel during the rolling'process.

4. An apparatus for making ball bearing lever in a direction a rotatin fcr ejecting the rolled ring, said mandrel being provided with a conical working surface and a shoulder for preventing the material of the work from escaping, a tail stock spindle for bringing the work into working position and returning it, a rotatable matrix for supportin the hollow work piece, a lever contalnlng a earm and means for raising sald matrix support lever in a direction vertical to the mandrel axis.

5. An apparatus for making ball bearing rings of radial fibrous structure com rising a rotating roll mandrel adapted to be displaced axially together with an ejector sleeve for ejecting therolled ring, said mandrel being provided with a conical working surface and a shoulder for preventing the mate rialof the work from escaping, a tail stock spindle for bringing the work into working position and returning it, a rotatable matrix for supporting the hollow work piece, a lever containing a bearing surface for the matrix and a cam for raising and lowering said matrix support lever in a direction vertical to the mandrel axis. i

6. An apparatus for making ball bearing rings of radial fibrous structure comprising. a rotatin roll mandrel adapted to be displaced axially together with an ejector sleeve for ejecting the rolled, ring, said mandrel be ing provided with a conical workingsurface of the work from escaping, a feed mandrel surface for the matrix .and a shoulder for preventing the material v axially resiliently mounted to a tail'stock mandrel, means for retaining the tail stock mandrel in rest and means foi' bringing it towards the roll mandrel and returning 1t, a rotatable matrix for supporting the "hollow work piece, a lever containing a bearing surface for the matrix and a cam ,for raising and lowering said matrix support lever' in a direction vertical to the mandrel axis.

7. An apparatus for making ball bearing rings of radial fibrous structure com rising a rotating roll mandrel adapted to e displaced axially together with an ejector sleeve for ejecting the rolled ring, said mandrel being provided with a conical working surface and a shoulder for preventing the material of the work from escaping, a feed mandrel axially resiliently mounted to a tail stock mandrel, a stop for retaining the tail stock mandrel in rest, a lever for releasing said stop and means for bringing the-tail stock mandrel towards the roll mandrel and returning it, a rotatable matrix for supporting the hollow work piece, a lever containing a bearing surface for the matrix and a cam for raising and lowering said matrix support vertical to the mandrel axis.

8. An apparatus for making ball bearing rings of radial fibrous structure comprising a rotating roll mandrel adapted to be displaced axially together with an ejector sleeve lever pivotally connected to the tail stock mandrel for returning the latter into rest, a rotatable matrix for supporting the hollow work piece, a lever containing a bearing surface forthe matrix and a cam for raising and lowering said matrix support lever ina direction vertical to the mandrel axis.

9. An apparatus for making ball bearing rings of radial fibrous structure comprising a rotating roll mandrel adapted to be displaced axially together with an ejector sleeve for ejecting the rolled ring, said mandrel being provided with a conical working surface and a shoulder for preventing the material of the work from escaping, a feed mandrel axially resiliently mounted to a tail stock mandrel, a stop 'for retaining the tail stock mandrel in rest, a lever for releasing said mandrel, a spring for bringing it towards the roll mandrel and a cam-actuated lever pivotally connected to the tail stock mandrel for returning the latter into rest and for coupling a shaft engaging with a regulating shaft, a rotatable matrix for supporting the hollow work piece, a lever containing a bearing surface for the matrix and a cam secured 'to the regulating shaft for raising and lowering said matrixsupport lever in'a direction vertical to the mandrel axis.

10. An apparatus for making ball bearing rings of radial fibrous structure comprising a rotating roll mandrel adapted to be displaced axially together with an ejector sleeve for ejecting the rolled ring, said mandrel being provided with a conical working surface and a shoulder for preventing the material of the work from escaping, a feed mandrel axially resiliently mounted to a tail stock mandrel, a stop for retaining the tail stock mandrel in rest, a lever for releasing said mandrel, a spring for bringing it towards the roll mandrel and a cam-actuated lever pivotally connected to the tail stock mandrel for returning the latter into rest and for coupling a shaft engaging with a regulating shaft, a rotatable matrix for supporting the hollow work piece, a lever containing a bearing surface for the matrix and a cam secured to the regulating shaft for raising and lowering said matrix support lever in a direction vertical to the mandrel axis, said regulating shaft being further provided with the cam for returning the tail stock mandrel and with a third cam engaging an ejector lever for disadapted to be coupled by a coupling lever actuated from the tail stock mandrel a regulating shaft driven by the aforesaid shaft and containing cams for moving the matrix, for returning the tail stock mandrel and for advancing an ejector sleeve through the matrix, said ejector sleeve being axially resiliently mounted on the roll mandrel.

12. An apparatus for making ball bearing rings ofradial fibrous structure comprisng' a roll mandrel and means for rotating it, a matrix for supporting a hollow work P1008 and means for raising and lowering the matrix in a direction vertical to the mandrel axis, a tail stock mandrel provided with a resilient feed mandrel for bringing the work into the matrix, means for advancing and returning the tail stock mandrel, a shaft adapted to be coupled by a coupling lever actuated from the tail stock mandrel, a regulating shaft d iven by the aforesaid shaft and contalnmg cams for moving the matrix, for returning the tail stock mandrel and for advancing an ejector sleeve through the matrix, sald e ector sleeve being axially resiliently mounted on the roll mandrel, the latter being lengthwise adjustable by means of a screw bolt"'engage(l" by an adjustable ejector lever, that is actuated by one cam of the regulating shaft.

13. An apparatus for making ball bearing rings of radial fibrous structure comprising a roll mandrel and means for rotating it, a matrix for supportng a hollow work piece and means for raising and lowering the matrix in a direction vertical to the mandrel axis, a tail stock mandrel provided with a resilient feed mandrel for bringing the work into the matrix, means for advancing and returning the tail stock mandrel, a shaft adapted to be coupled by a coupling lever actuated from the tail stock mandrel, a regulating shaft driven by the aforesaid shaft and containing cams for moving the matrix, for returning the tail stock mandrel and for advancing an ejector sleeve through the matrix, said ejector sleeve being axially resiliently mounted on the roll mandrel, the latter being lengthwise adjustable by means of a screw bolt passing through the working spindle and engaged at its free end by an adjusting screw of an ejector lever, that is actuated by one into the matrix,

. passing throu cam of the regulatmg shaft.

14. An apparatus rings of radial fibrous structure comprising a roll mandrel and means matrix for supporting a hollow work piece and means for raising and lowering the matrix in a direction vertical to the. mandrel axis, a tail stock mandrel provided with a resilient feed mandrel for bringing the work means for advancing and returning the. tail stock mandrel, a shaft adapted to be coupled by a con ling lever actuated from the tail stock man rel, a regulating shaft driven by the aforesaid shaft and containing cams for moving the matrix, for returning the tail stock mandrel and for advancing an ejector sleeve through thematrix, said ejector sleeve being axlally resiliently mounted on the roll mandrel, means for adjusting lengthwise the rolling mandrel,

FRIEDRICH m SGHLAA.

for making ball bearing for rotating it, a 

